Money & mortgage

Property investing

Evaluate long-term rentals, short-term stays, financed cash flow, capitalization rates, and house-flipping scenarios with a consistent set of property metrics.

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Calculator set

Property investing calculators

Open a calculator for an immediate estimate, then use its method notes, examples, limits, and sources to understand the result.

Understand, then calculate

Make sense of the key numbers in Property investing

Property returns come from income, operating costs, financing, price changes, and the cash required at purchase. Cap rate removes financing so properties can be compared; cash flow and cash-on-cash return put the loan and invested cash back into the decision.

Short-term rentals and flips add occupancy, turnovers, renovation, holding, and selling assumptions. Test a base case and a conservative case before treating a projected profit as spendable money.

Result checklist

What you can work out here

Identify the decision first, then open the calculator that answers it.

Net operating income
Subtract vacancy and operating expenses from property income before debt service.
Cap rate
Compare annual NOI with the property price without mixing in loan terms.
Financed cash flow
See what remains after monthly operating costs and mortgage payments.
Project profit
Combine acquisition, renovation, holding, and selling costs for a flip or short-term-rental plan.
Essential concepts

Core terms in plain language

Understand the recurring inputs and results instead of reading only the final number.

NOI
Property income minus vacancy and operating expenses, before mortgage payments and income tax.
Cap rate
Annual NOI divided by property value or purchase price.
Cash-on-cash return
Annual pre-tax cash flow divided by the cash invested.
DSCR
Net operating income divided by debt service; a ratio above 1 means NOI exceeds scheduled debt payments.

Choose with context

Which calculator should you use?

Use these distinctions to move through the Property investing tools without comparing unrelated results.

  1. 01

    Use cap rate to compare properties before financing.

  2. 02

    Use cash flow or ROI when loan terms and cash invested matter.

  3. 03

    Keep short-term rental and flip assumptions conservative because occupancy, repairs, and selling costs can change quickly.

Common questions

What else to know about Property investing

These answers explain how to use the estimates and where their limits begin.

Which calculator should I use first?

Use cap rate to screen properties, then use cash flow or ROI once you know the financing and cash required.

Does projected cash flow include income tax?

No. Tax treatment, depreciation, local rules, and ownership structure differ, so the results are planning estimates before income tax.